I'm not aware of any limitations calling COM properties that take parameters from .NET (in fact, the NETAction sample user action does this to retrieve step properties). The IProject.Steps property is defined as the interface's default method, so in the RCW it is exposed as the default indexer property, and accessing it like this from C# worked for me:
builder.App.Project[StepTypeEnum.vbldStepMain].Count
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